#precalculus
1 messages · Page 123 of 1
well alright thx lol
obv youll still need to take the derivative for curves and stuff but
tbh...not that much. i studied more in trig/algebra 2
i studied the most in precal when it came to the stuff you're on and the stuff that dipped more into calculus. i was pretty much ok w everything else
we spent a good while on polar coordinates and like,, limits and trig identities...we spent more of the second half of the year on more calc based stuff
so calc stuff is the things ive never learned about in algebra right?
and the algebra side is things we've learned but harder?
yeah and the things that have more like...i dont know how to explain this esp bc im a noob but -- YEAH
and the algebra side throws in some other wack stuff like polar coordinates is literally that thing where u put paint on one side of a paper and fold it in half kdsfmdslfdmsl56tm4wl3mg
lol
uuhh you'll have to deal with a lot of degree/radian shit later
ah fuck
and you'll need the unit circle a decent amount
i hated that trig shit
yeah there's a lot of unit circle shit going on
idk i find the hardest part of pre calc is just the complex math -- print it out
its really weird to me tho
ya i getcha
i barely studied in algebra 2 and i got an a
now i put in effort and recieve an bad grade
did you take algebra 2 and trig at the same time or?
yes
ah
uh matrices in precalc are also pretty fun
dude i honestly think your teacher's just dumping the hard shit on you all at once. like i really don't think later in the year youll have that much trouble w like...fucken matrices and the stuff that ties more to trig
weird lol i have the same teacher from last year
but yeah i feel like maybe i did rush through my last test a bit
you'll learn a lot of new ways to factor equations too
do you have any online resources for recommendation?
ive just been searching up random precal vids on youtube
okay well thanks for the help
and sorry for wasting ur time with my questions
i hope ur doing well in ur currently class : )
ah no its fine it was a good refresher for me esp. since im just starting calc
nice nice
no no thank you
i really doubt you'll struggle later on though and im surprised she started off w something like that esp since it'd be more relevent the closer you get to calculus
i mean we are using larson precal books
lots of schools use it
shes just following the chapters by order
ah
@viscid thistle So what differential calculus have you done?
ngl, it's pretty big.
Okay then
So you've seen derivatives of polynomials?
So, the biggest pointabout integration (and why it is sometimes called anti-derivation) is because of the fundamental theorem of calculus.
So.
Pretty much.
So yeah
We define the integral of f, F to be
^
Dis.
FTC: fundamental theorem of calculus
The two things we really care about here though
Is that if g(x) is the integral of f(x)
Then d/dx (g(x)) = f(x)
And
This thing about bounds.
=tex \int_a^b f(x) dx = F(b) - F(a)
Yup.
Moving the notation around.
but F is just g
Aaah, in derivation of FTC we use a parameter
But in this case we're using a,b to just mean constants.
Substituting in variables into our bounds will come up further down the line.
So
Let's do this for polynomials then.
By integrating a polynomial
I wish to find a function F such that F' = f
Try this for x^2 and see if you can arrive at something.
f(x) = x^2, F = ? such that F' = f
Whats' the derivative of x/2
Yep.
Yes
By integrate I mean, find a function F such that d/dx(F) = x^2
Yees
Okay, partial solution
Since a constant always differentiates to 0 though
I add a constant term on the end of this to arrive at a general solution
$$\frac{x^3}{3} + C$$
^
And that's the intergration of polynomials.
I'm sure you can find the general rule for integrating polynomials.
Actually this is a good exercise.
Find F such that F' = ax^n
@viscid thistle You will get into more methods of integration such as u-substitution and integration by parts.
Eh, that's not so bad when you learn it.
Yup.
So what else is nice about integrals?
They inherit the linearity of derivatives.
This means that, scalar multiples and addition give us a way to seperate out integrals and prevent needless calculation
=tex \int af(x)+g(x) dx = a\int f(x) dx + \int g(x) dx
Support the bot on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/dxsmiley
^ linearity
Yep yep
Integration inherits this by FTC from differentiation
So this was a brief thing on the indefinite integrals
Let's move on to definite integrals, a corrolary of the FTC.
For someone who doesn't know anything about integration, you sure know a bit about integration.
Fine - what would you like to do?
The zest of it
Triple integrals?
Probably should cover u-sub and by parts method before delving into multivariable calc lmao
Mathematica > Wolfram ALpha
Mathematica = WolframAlpha
$$tan(x) / 5x$$
?
yes
that it?
Yes
as x approaches 0 you get an asymptote
even if the value is miniscule
=pup tan(0.1)/0.5
ah
for reasons I am too dumb to prove or realise
limit as x approaches 0 for tan(x) /5x is equal to 0.2
probably due to both approaching 0 and thus cancelling out leaving a 1/5 n_n
uh
It should be undefined?
No?
I put in 0
I got 0 in the denominator
Undefined
Not quite.
Because the tan(0) = 0 too
What you have is 0/0 which is called an indeterminate form.
Which means you have to do more work
gotcha
Can someone help me with this
I basically have to get a sinusoidal function to model the behavior of the ferris wheel
Which would be cosine
I already know A = 19/2 and D=19/2 in the equation
y=Acos(B(x-C))+D
nvm I messed up the period
oh
you wouldn't have to figure out a phaseshift or C in your case
true
I thought it was 3.75 but it was 7.5
No your A
o
that is your amplitude
hmm
oh I see why you did that
ignore those for right now
if you have a sin function, then you wouldn't need a D either
since y starts at zero
oh wait
if you have a sin function without a phase shift then you need to find y=Asin(Bx)
I think I thought of it as a cosine function since the lower range of the wave intersects at 0
why though?
since the ferris wheel cart starts at y-0
A is (19-0)/2 and D is (19+0)/2
it starts at zero
o
also the bottom point is not zero
it goes down to -19
so the amplitude is (19-(-19))/2
or just 19
so we have y=19sin(Bx)
do you know the period of the ferris wheel?
from the picture
it starts at zero, goes up to 19, eventually it will go down to zero and past it
down to -19 and up to zero again
I thought you were supposed to use the two extrema and then subtract the minimum from the maximum value from the data given in the problem
which are 19 and 0
leading to (19-0)/2
it starts at y=0 which is the center of the ferris wheel
- ____ All repeating decimal numbers can be represented as ratios of integers.
- ____ The set of real numbers is commutative for the operation of subtraction.
its either true or false
im pretty sure 2 is true but i dont really get 3
The commutative property for addition means that a + b = b + a
Similarly, for multiplication is means that a * b = b * a
What do you think the statement for subtraction would be?
i know what it is
its a-b = b-a
but doesnt work for division
because order matters
so false?
oh yea my b
order matters
but what soes it mean by set of real numbers is commutative
having trouble with the vocab
Hmm
How do I tell if a left or right side limit is going towards infinity or negative infinity?
<@&286206848099549185>
@brave void
If the number decreases as you move to one side, negative infinity
Otherwise infinity
wait woah
So lets say I have
1 over x+2
Limit from the left
How do I tell it's going to inifinity over negative infinity
I plug in -2.1?
As lim x approaches -2
From the left
What do I plug in?
-3?
-4?
@stone acorn
?
=tex \lim_{x \to -2} \frac{1}{x + 2}
lel pseudo
How to solve?
I know tan of pi over 2
It is undefined
but like
The book has a different answer
How would I know if it went to negative or positive infinity?
Or you could just see that it says $$\frac{\pi}{2}^+$$, so you're looking at values to the right of pi/2
That's also viable
The graph of tan is pretty standard, you should know what it looks like.
Like pi/2+0.0001
But you can always just plug in values.
aye
If you're just to the right of pi/2, you're in the second quadrant.
All tan values in the second quadrant are negative.
okay
Or, tan = sin/cos, sine is positive, cosine is negative, so tan is negative in II.
Yup.
The thing on my tests
I rush
And sometimes I think that like
-4 is 4 from the left XD
I gotta slow down
Think of it like the number line.
- is the positive direction, which is right.
So when you say 4^+, you're looking towards the right side of 4
=tex \lim_{\delta x\to0}\left(\tan\left(\frac\pi2+\delta x\right)\right)

Very unnecessary but I remember when I was first doing I liked to think of it like this
I like this approach.
both sides of the equation are multiplied by sin(B) to isolate b
(any operation u do on one side of the equals sign has to be done on the other side as well)
What does it look like when you do it
b = a/SinA * SinB
thats the same thing
sin(B) is like sin(B)/1
they just multiplied a/sin(A) by sin(B)/1 which gives you a*sin(B)/sin(A)
and they pulled the "a" on the outside
that i get its the pulling "a" to the outside that is twisting my brain
like the reasoning for it?
this always was a weakness
there really is no reason. leaving it on the numerator is completely fine
ok so help me understand this part
a*sinB/SinA
is the same as multiplying sinB/SinA by "a"
yes
think of it as anny other variable.
for instance say sinB/sinA is y. a*y is the same thing as ay
but sinB is being multiplyed by "a"
the numerator
but by pulling it out you are now multiplying the whole fraction instead of just the top
omg this is painful
lol its hard to explain it
since "a" is not a fraction multiplying it by a fraction vs just the numerator is the same result
since a is technically (a/1)
1 * denominator = denominator
yep
wow thanks for that , sometimes its the easy stuff
yw
Hello everyone I'm new to this server but I need Pre-Calc help asap!!
Can anyone help??
Lol
A power function comes in the form of f(x)= kx^n
Do you have coordinates of two points?
I just have the x-intercepts and y-intercept
There's two x-intercepts: (-6,0) and (4,0)
And the y-intercept is (0,576)
576 or 5.76
I've tried googling for like two hours and I'm just at a loss right now
And this quiz plus the homework are due by midnight
I did but its an online class and the lessons are all videos (not even made by my teacher its from some random teacher from like the 80's not even kidding)
And it's just a horrible way for me to learn
They barely went into detail with power functions or most of the material actually
And the teacher in the videos uses a graphing calculator to find a lot of his answers but I'm not allowed to use that for this class
Hey guys I have a problem
so what if Im trying to calculate an angle but the problem throws minutes and seconds at me
example
can someone tell me if this is -6x^4+7x+7 is this even odd neither
@fickle moat Did you do the f(x) and f(-x) method?
@olive meteor like a physics problem?
An even function is one where f(x) = f(-x)
And an odd function is one where f(x) = -f(-x)
i did and i got neither
can someone help me plss
For the question that asks about the olympic runner
can someone do B
I'm trying tro graph y=x+|x^2-1|. I understand that the domain of the function is R, but after a quick check on wolfram I don't get how the range can be y>=-1.
As a first step I graphed both parabolas, i.e. y=x+x^2-1 and y=x-x^2+1, however I'm not sure how to obtain the actual graph of this function
draw y=x too
and both parabolas
on the same graph
then erase everything below the y=x line
why should I draw y=x? It's not clear to me
Hello guys, so I was helping my little brother with his homework and we came across this, given S sub 5 = 45, find a3
Idk what to do lol
btw it's a question about arithmetic series
$$S_5=45$$ right?
Let the 5 terms be $$a-2d,a-d,a,a+d,a+2d$$
$$S_5=5a+2d-2d+d-d$$
$$45=5a$$
$$a=9$$
In this case $$a=a_3$$
Mention me if you don't understand something
How did you know the 5 terms you used?
It's a general thing
Intuition
Ultra Instinct xD
but seriously, where?
and what general thing? I don't know any formulas regarding the above 5 terms
It would have been the same if there were 7 terms, a+3d,a+2d,a+d,a,a-d,a-2d,a-3d
is there a formula about that? I want to know please
Nope
As you can see the common difference cancels out
Then you can use hit and trial to get the terms and make sure they follow an AP
oh okay
I will just ignore how you got it, but I recognize the pattern you used so I think I'll just use it
@wind igloo do the 2's cancel out here?
Yes
ok
this is a bit confusing because of all the variables in play
@wind igloo i dont think this is correct
it should be 50/48 or 25/24 but i dont see where the arrithmetic is wrong
It's right at the end.
I think you got yourself confused where the division happens.
=tex \frac{1}{\frac{48}{50}}
Do you see the difference? @steady sleet
oh
isee it
1/(48/50) and the inverse of that is 50/48... someone doesnt seem to get this through his head. 😃
ty
is tanx over x 1
well yes then
try to prove it with triangles and unit circle for better understanding
yeah i think just sin and tan
Yeah, cosine creates an asymptote because as x approaches 0, for the numerator (cos(x)), the numerator converges to 1
while the denominator approaches 0
How do I approach / solve this problem?
write it in sigma notation
=tex 4+4\cdot\frac{2}{5}+4\cdot\frac{2}{5}\cdot\frac{2}{5}+4\cdot\frac{2}{5}\cdot\frac{2}{5}\cdot\frac{2}{5}
oh that involves sigma? okay nvm I'm not suppose to know that yet
Its doable
If you know geometric progressions
@limber heath
=tex S_{\infty}=\frac{a}{1-r}
Idk sends it off to some server to interpret it as LaTeX (I'm not a CS person ;p)
I have a similar view, but I also have a suspicion that my position is naive.
is anybody good with physics here?

inverse function of x^5-2 is x^5+2?
the inverse of a function should get you back to x, when you apply it to f(x)
so you dont switch out - to +?
a useful way of thinking about it is, if you imagine f(x) as performing a series of "steps" on x, the inverse function is reversing those steps
i am bit lost..
right
so currently the function is (x, x^5-2)
the inverse would be (x^5 -2, x), but we want some way of describing it in the form (y, f^-1(y))
if i told you to calculate f(2), how would you do it?
yeah
2^5-2?
the thing that i dont get how back of the book gives the answer as f-1(x) = 5root x+2
i m just lost...
we're getting to that, don't worry
right, so when you're calculating it, what's the first thing you'd do?
yep how did you get that?
right
so we raised 2 (the input) to the fifth power, then subtracted 2
if we generalise, how would we calculate f(x) for any given x?
the way you explain makes sense but i am still lost
ok well so to calculate f(x) you have to raise x to the fifth power, then subtract 2
does that make sense so far?
is this the place to ask about matrices?
can i ask you something actually can i take picture of note and follow this step ?
is this samething as x^5-2?
the concept of transition i am confused i mean when you solve f o g (x)
f-1(x)?
you can do the same thing as that, yeah
in both cases, what you're doing is "going backwards"
so for x^5-2 i can not use backwards
then solve for y
"=tex" lets you type in latex
erm, i guess that's a bit confusing
when we swap x and y, you solve for y, but the y is really the x because we swapped them around
bout to slam my head into wall
i am sorry i am really lost
i get x^2
but x^5..
even you root it u have to y^2 = 5rootx-2
can you see how to solve for y from here?
x+2 = y^5
idk how to read or write perfectly but the equation should be both side 5root and cancels the ^5
right, yeah
leaves y = 5root x-2?
=tex y = \sqrt[5]{x+2}
we did, but we added 2 to both sides when we were solving for y
so not just only we effected the x and y switch the real number change too?
OH
OH
OKOKOK
hahaha 👌
k = 27.
@gritty blaze do you know what spoils a kid?
No.
Yep
Y= |x-5| inverse function ? How do you cancel out abs?
My question is how do you get x=y-5?
I got y= x+5
When you have y = |x - 5| , that is essentially,
y = x - 5 for x > 5
y = 5 - x for x < 5
Wait, sorry, I was somewhere else
I don't ger it. Inverse function says x=y-5
So you are trying to invert y = | x - 5 | ?
y = x - 5 for x > 5
Think about this function
How would you go about inverting that
U solve fir xn
hi one question where can ask for help in inverse power law calculation 😅
Yeah, so you basically switch x and y
So you get an inverse for a particular range of y
Then it wouls be 5+x=y its not x=y+5
So you have y = x + 5 as an inverse in the range y > 5
I'll get a graph, that'll help
See, essentially, in the end you'll have the inverse turn out to be x = | y - 5 |
Someth8ng like this correct?
Yeah, that's basically it, to invert a function in two variables, you can just switch the variables with each other
What do you mean by variables
x, and y are variables
Something which is not constant, it's what you use to define functions so that they are easy to understand
X=y*x
See, here, if you wanted to take the inverse of a function which squares what you put into it
You would want to take the square root
Root of x = y
Exactly
You can arrive at that in the same way, by changing x with y and vice verca in y = x * x
So when you inverse abs it cancels out?
You get x = y * y
Which gets you to y = sqrt(x)
Which gives you the inverse
In your case you are starting with y = | x - 5 |
So the inverse is x = | y - 5 |
I'm not really good at explaining things, if that still doesn't make sense, I suggest asking in the questions channels, and someone else can probably help out better
Alright I’m having trouble with this
I’ve already completed the square on this equation so now I have
x^2 - 2x + 2 + y^2 = 5
But I need to put it in radius form to find the center and radius of the circle it makes
I eventually gave up and went to desmos.com and put it in and that told me the center of the circle is (1,0), so presumably that would mean the (x - h)^2 part would be (x + 1)^2, but that does not yield x^2 - 2x + 2
@teal fiber (x-1)^2 + y^2 = 5
But (x - 1)^2 gives x^2 - 2x + 1
= 4 sorry
Rip
How’d you get it equal to 4? Completing the square on the original = 3 makes you add 2 to 3 giving 5??
@teal fiber just subtracting 1 from both sides
Ohh, the 1 you get after doing (x - 1)^2?
yes
Ok, thank you tons
Just realized I’m an idiot and made that problem way harder, 1^2 isn’t 2 🙄
How do you find relative maximum and minimum on an ti84?
I'm so confused
<@&286206848099549185>
second calc
then there should be a min max function in the menu
then itll ask for left and right bounds
and then itll brute force compute and give you the min/max you need
when i tried to find the min for y=(x^2-4)^2 it gave me ( -2 , 2.722E^-11 )
What if he needs it in exact?
Brute force won't give that
And that is actually just wrong
Wait no it's not
It's giving you one of them @steady token
But y is just 0
i guess that number is very close to zero
Yea
That's the problem with brute force
Like if it was something less obvious
Like root3
You won't notice it
yeah, i guess thanks for helping
Find it the good old fashioned way with differential
Uhh I don't know if I'm in the right chat but
Anyone can help me with 10 and 11?
<@&286206848099549185>
For no. 11 I tried SOR and POR. Stuck after c/a
I didn't answer the second question in 11 yet
In no.10 the answer wants no coeffiecient x in any of the terms
I tried using the substitude method. Ended up wring multiple times
Also tried to make sense with it using SOR and POR. Tangled lines is the result
So for question 10.
If one of the roots is a, the other is 2a.
Sum of roots = a + 2a = 3a = -q/p
Product of roots = a*2a = 2a^2 = r/p
$$3a = -\frac{q}{p}$$\$$2a^2 = \frac{r}{p}$$
Then sub that into the first one.
Anyone mind helping me with question 11.? <@&286206848099549185>
It's the same logic.
Use the given equation to find equations in alpha, beta, m and n.
Then solve those.
When graphing a tangent function, how do you show the vertical dilation on it? For instance, how do I show the difference between tan(x) and 2tan(x)?
uh just use some points
notice that with tan(x) 2tan(x), they are both 0 at x=pi, so just use some example x values to show the comparison before and after the dilation
notice that at x=pi/4, tan(x)=1 and 2tan(x)=2
Aaah doesnt looking at words that you cant even begin to understand feel so refreshing?
Don't
If a limit goes to positive or negative infinity
Like I got
5x -3 + (10/x^2)
How would I know if it went pos or neg inf
<@&286206848099549185>
try values that get closer and closer to the vertical asymptote
Alright
x goes to -infinity
oh
I thought you were trying to move closer to the asymptote
But instead you want the variable to go to -infinity?
is that correct?
Thats the problem
oh ok
That's easier actually
you just put in a negative number that has ridiculously large magnitude
like -100000000000
so then you get 5*x^2 which is very large and positive
divided by x + 3 which is still a ridiculously large negative number
positive/negative = negative
🍮
i love me some custard
Last thing @fading token
So I got this 2x + 1
Over root (x^2 - x)
x approaches - infinity
how would I solve
I would first divide top and bottom by x
x^2?
No, just x
sqrt(x^2 - x)/x
But we can simplify this
x = -sqrt(x^2) if x is negative, which is important because we're going to -infinity
ok
so sqrt(x^2 - x)/(-sqrt(x^2)) = -sqrt((x^2 - x)/x^2) = -sqrt(1 - 1/x)
so let x = - sqrt(x^2)
yeah we rewrite it like that
What do you mean?
That fraction simplifies to -((x-1)/(x))
wait that doesn't work
I don't fcking know
please help xD
yes
you don't have to simplify
you can now take the limit x goes to -infinity
1/x terms will be very very small
so in the limit you get -2/sqrt(1) = -2
so 1
Hmm?
-2
yes that's the value of the limit
okay
so then if we just had x in the numerator
For another problem
and we had the same denominator
I do the square root thing and simplify?
yeah
gotcha ty
sqrt(🍮^2)
Oops
@obtuse fulcrum
Where do you think the point of highest acceleration is
oh it says minimum
oops
but where do you think the minimum acceleration is is
Lol I think the person who said he'd help you is coming
Alright
Hopefully
So it has zeros at -2, 0, 1 and 3
Which means when you substitue any of those number into the polynomial you'd get zero
which means (x - 3) for example is a factor since if you substitute in 3 no matter what the other factors are you'd get 0
So it would have the facotrs (x+2), x, (x-3), etc
So try writing out those 4 factors and multiplying them together
I'm gonna guess the leading term isn't 2x^4
Ok so that means one of the xs must be a 2x
Which means you'd have to change it to (2x - a) but one of your factors is just x so if you change that to a 2x it'll still equal 0 at X=0
Yeh
And will multiply out to a 2x^4
Do you know how I can go about doing this?
(2x)(x+2)(x-1)(x-3)
That satisfies the 4 zeros given and the 2x will become a 2x^4 term once expanded
Omg you're right
Since if you multiply 2x by each of the first terms of the factors you'd get 2x^4, and then any other terms will have a lower degree
So that's generally how you solve that type of question. List out the factors and then modify it to make the term they give you a part of it
👏
Cool
No.
$$2y^2-y-10=0$$
$$2y^2-5y+4y-10=0$$
You individually take common 2y and 5 to get the factors
ok what do u mean by expand?
the fraction their is whats confusing me msotly
mostly*
=pup expand (-1/2)(x-4)^2+3
Basically, multiply everything, and add/subtract the stuff
oh ok
yes.. and?
but why do they switch the negative symbol and positive for the two when factoring in the form??
the original prob was 2x^2-5x-12 < or equal to 0
at the bottom
x=4 turns into x-4
and -3/2 turns into x+3/2
yeah
they flip the signs because those are just zeroes
put back into factored forms
i dont understand the actual location of the confusion tho
perhaps im missing something
ok
No rush
This is the table in question though. Just having a hard time understanding the process of constructing it
And I’ll probably never ever see it again hopefully
No prob man
I’ll figure it out eventually
@opal belfry got it?
what do you not understand>?
So they add everything together to make 3pq
And the step after that is taking P away and multiplying by P
And then they just add
idk it just seemed rly difficult to me lol
what?
@night plover Nederlands?
@fading token yep 😃
Nog hulp nodig?
@spring thunder sort of. instead of using the box I'm just going to check them w/ the equation by plugging in
In this problem: (x - 2)^2 + (y + 1)^2 = 4
If I wanna use the table of values to draw the graph of this equation, do I have to solve the equation before substituting the values for x so that y ends up alone on one side of the equation?
OK
Someone please provide me some valuable erudition on this fine contest question here
Pardon
Isn’t NSFW content prohibited here?
Unfortunately, I’m not quite satisfied with a final answer
Hey, I was just extrapolating from previous messages and assumed I could ask here
Oh well
This is more for discussing stuff and not solving homework questions
What is that called? Ignore the limit.
I can't find anything on Khan Academy to help me factor something like this
There isn't any examplea under quadratics or factoring polynomials
Sorry realised I need to post in questions my bad
@severe swift
u dont even need to divide tbh
manipulate it so you can see where each term converges to
Limits at infinity you can take the highest powered term in the top, and divide it by the lowest term in the denominator
so -5t^4 / 3t^4
@severe swift
This can be simplified
-5/3
that is the answer
The theory is that, whenever you get to infinity, -5(infinity^4) will grow MASSIVELY more faster than infinity^2 in the next term
Thus; the t^4 dominates
in bot top and bottom above all other terms
@viscid thistle first try to express the volume and surface area of the container (in function of height and radius\diameter)
$$A=\pi r^2 +2\pi r h \newline V=\pi r^2 h$$
ie $$\pi r^2 h = 25$$
Sorry my connection is shit
rip
The idea is to get the height in function of the radius, so that we can get an expression for A which depends only on the radius, in order to differentiate it
Here, $$h = \frac{25}{\pi r^2}$$
So let's inject this expression into the first eq
$$A=\pi r^2 + 2 \pi r \left(\frac{25}{\pi r^2}\right)$$
also more code-y
