unix

[warped nimbus]

Distribution of Linux

[astral spear]

ubuntu, i just used the recommended things, or the ones that were already selected

[warped nimbus]

I don't know what the recommended settings are. Is it Ubuntu 18 or 16?

[astral spear]

18.04 x64

[warped nimbus]

Alright, I recommend you start here then https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/initial-server-setup-with-ubuntu-18-04

Then you can follow this https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-python-3-and-set-up-a-programming-environment-on-an-ubuntu-18-04-server

You can use the venv you created for your discord bot

Install discord.py on it and copy your source files for the bot over

[astral spear]

it says login was incorrect

but i used the command that your link suggested, and the password i was given in my email

@warped nimbus

[warped nimbus]

You're trying to connect via ssh right?

[astral spear]

no, i thought that was optional

[warped nimbus]

Yeah it is

[astral spear]

i decided to skip it, can i not skip that step?

[warped nimbus]

Then where are you trying to use the password?

[astral spear]

on the console,

[warped nimbus]

For which command?

Why are you being prompted for a password?

[astral spear]

ssh root@your_server_ip

idk

[warped nimbus]

But you said you wanted to skip that step

You don't need to connect via ssh if you're using the console on DigitalOcean's website

[astral spear]

well when i click launch console, it says "login" immedietly

[warped nimbus]

Does it look like this? https://assets.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/droplets/console-login.png

[astral spear]

yeah

[warped nimbus]

You need to first type the username then press enter

then you type the password

The username will be root in this case

[astral spear]

ok now its telling me to change my password, is UNIX password what i can choose to change it to?

[warped nimbus]

anything you want

[astral spear]

it keeps saying login incorrect. I tried doing this before, all the same, and it keeps happening

[warped nimbus]

Try resetting the password then, follow this https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/droplets/resources/console/

[astral spear]

do you know why that would happen in the first place though? Im pretty sure i typed the password the smae

same

[warped nimbus]

No, I'm not sure why.

[astral spear]

ok, i reset it, i used the password from my email, and it told me to change my password in the console, and i did and it keeps saying login incorrect

[warped nimbus]

Does it say incorrect login at this step? Changing password for root. (current) UNIX password: Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password:

[astral spear]

no, when it says (current) UNIX password:, i type what i want, then it doesnt say Enter new UNIX password: or Retype new UNIX password:, it just brings back "login"

[warped nimbus]

That's your mistake

It says (current) in front of it

meaning what you got from the email

The next two say "new", meaning something you come up with

[astral spear]

ty

so this was step one right? I dont need to type the ssh root@your_server_ip part

that your link says

[warped nimbus]

No, you don't need to SSH cause you're connecting via the console on the website

That being said, I'm not sure how you'll be able to copy your discord bot over to the server without using scp, which requires an ssh connection

I don't think you can transfer files via the web console on DO

[astral spear]

so ssh is required?

[warped nimbus]

If you plan on transferring files yes I think so

Well you could upload your files to some 3rd-party service and then download the url on the server but that's clumsy

[astral spear]

https://tenor.com/view/blank-stare-really-idontbelieveyou-side-gif-6151149

so where would i use ssh root@your_server_ip part if the first thing that pops up when i click launch console is "login"

[warped nimbus]

You would need to use your own computer's terminal/console

You'd have to ditch the console on their website

[astral spear]

ok

[warped nimbus]

There's a guide on connecting w/ SSH here https://www.digitalocean.com/docs/droplets/how-to/connect-with-ssh/

[astral spear]

The Droplet’s IP address
The default username on the server
The default password for that username, if you aren’t using SSH keys
i know the first 2, they were sent to my email, but am i using SSH keys?

is ssh keys part of ssh, or can i use the default password

[warped nimbus]

If you don't know, then that means you aren't using SSH keys 😄

[astral spear]

ok, i was just making sure i didnt miss a step

[warped nimbus]

Yeah no problem

I would suggest you use SSH keys cause they're just more convenient but the trade off is that you have to do some more reading to figure out how to set them up

Your choice

[astral spear]

yeah, maybe for when i get more used to this. I just want to start off being able to at least host this

bot first

so when i typed the password, it said "connection closed by <IP address> port 22, and now my shell command line has my own stuff on it

that doesnt make sense to me, shouldnt this have said something different and not kept as my original computer thing

[warped nimbus]

Well it sounds like it failed to connect

What's the name of the error you get?

[astral spear]

i dont get any "error", i do get a warning that says permenantly added <IP address> to list of known hosts

[warped nimbus]

I was referring to this connection closed by <IP address> port 22

[astral spear]

thats the entire line

[warped nimbus]

Trying doing ssh -v root@...

Should give you some more details

[astral spear]

yea, it gave a lot more

why?

[warped nimbus]

-v makes it verbose

For troubleshooting purposes

[astral spear]

do you want the entire output?

[warped nimbus]

Yeah

[astral spear]

there's a lot of debugs

ok

thats everything

[warped nimbus]

Looks like it works?

root@67.205.158.163's password:'

it's asking you to enter the password

[astral spear]

it closed it again

[warped nimbus]

When did it close it? Before you had a chance to enter a password?

[astral spear]

nvm, i think i didnt click control V hard enough, but now its saying permission denied, and to try again, which i did, and it repeated the message

[warped nimbus]

Are you using the password that you created yourself? (remember when it asked you to change it)

[astral spear]

im so stupid lmao

where did you learn all this?

like the -v thing

[warped nimbus]

From having to troubleshoot ssh issues myself

For what it's worth the -v option is fairly common on tools anyway

it means "verbose"

In the end thankfully looking at the verbose output wasn't even needed here

[astral spear]

@warped nimbus so with my sammy@ubuntu#### thing, this is my DO server? I would install python, discord.py, and run my bot's file and cogs with sammy?

[warped nimbus]

Yes

Use Sammy rather than.root

Though you could have named it something besides Sammy

[astral spear]

ya ik, i just didnt bother with creativity. So with installing python, because i am under sammy, it won't mess up my own python right? I would install it like normal through their website?

[warped nimbus]

I linked to you another guide for installing.python

You should follow it

[astral spear]

oh thanks, i missed that link

[astral spear]

so i have everything set up now i think. How can i "upload" the bot file and cogs into the environment? Or would i have to do the nano thing and create a new file into the environment for each cog and the main file? Like i did with the hello world script in the example with nano?

[warped nimbus]

You'd use the scp command

[astral spear]

scp bot.py sammy@ubuntu:\Users\Tyler\Desktop\Bot like this?

[warped nimbus]

I don't remember the exact syntax but it looks right

Just want to be clear that you need to run the command on your computer rather than the server

[astral spear]

so you mean my own c:\users\etc? I'd have to exit all the sammy stuff?

[warped nimbus]

You can just open a new terminal window rather than exiting

To save you the trouble of reconnecting

[astral spear]

thank god lol

i was about to cry

[warped nimbus]

Your paths for the scp command look off actually

the first path is the source

the second path is the destination

[astral spear]

so id just switch the sammy with the tyler?

[warped nimbus]

I don't know what the exact path is but probably something like ```bash
scp C:\Users\Tyler\Desktop\Bot\bot.py sammy@server_ip:~/bot

Maybe the ~/bot directory needs to exist on the server beforehand

[astral spear]

scp C:\Users\Tyler\Desktop\Bot\bot.py sammy@ubuntu-s-1vcpu-1gb-nyc1-01:~/environments

It said no host was found

known*

[warped nimbus]

You need to specify the server ip not the hostname

Same way you did when you used ssh

[astral spear]

o

[warped nimbus]

Do you only have one file to copy or several?

[astral spear]

i have a few cogs, yeah

[warped nimbus]

You can copy a whole directory with 1 command, it'll be easier

scp -r C:\Users\Tyler\Desktop\Bot\ sammy@server_ip:~/bot

and I think you need to do mkdir ~/bot on the server first

[astral spear]

well i have environments, like it showed in the link you sent

is that the same thing?

well i did something
fun.py 100% 305 0.3KB/s 00:00
fun.cpython-37.pyc 100% 793 0.8KB/s 00:00
bot.py 100% 11KB 11.0KB/s 00:01

C:\Users\Tyler>
thats the output from my console

[warped nimbus]

Looks like it worked

[astral spear]

but on my sammy console, when i try to do python bot.py like i did with the hello world example, python hello.py, it said no such file or directory

[warped nimbus]

yeah they were copied to ~/bot directory

you can move them if you'd like

[astral spear]

ok i tried doing that, and did /environments instead of /bot, but it keeps saying the same thing

[warped nimbus]

I think it's supposed to be ~/environments

it's relative to the home directory

[astral spear]

yeah sorry thats what i meant

i did that

fun.py 100% 305 0.3KB/s 00:00
fun.cpython-37.pyc 100% 793 0.8KB/s 00:00
bot.py 100% 11KB 11.0KB/s 00:00

it still had this output though, from my Tyler console

so that says it worked right?

[warped nimbus]

Yeah

What does ls show in the server?

do you see the files?

[astral spear]

fun.py, and bot.py?

no, just hello.py

from the example i followed

[warped nimbus]

what about ls ~/bot?

[astral spear]

i see cogs and bot.py

cogs being highlighted blue for some reason

what does that mean?

[warped nimbus]

try cp **/* ~/environments

blue means its a folder

[astral spear]

i try that in the server?

[warped nimbus]

Hold on

I forgot it has a recursive option

and you should do mv anyway

mv -r ~/bot ~/environments

do it on the server

Oh mv doesn't have a resursive option just cp so forget the -r

I'm rusty 🤷

[astral spear]

(my_env) sammy@ubuntu-s-1vcpu-1gb-nyc1-01:~/environments$ mv ~/bot ~/environments
(my_env) sammy@ubuntu-s-1vcpu-1gb-nyc1-01:~/environments$

so i did that, shown on the first line, and after pressing enter, it brought my to a new line, no output or anything. Then i did python bot.py and got the same error [Errno 2] No such file or directory

[warped nimbus]

do you see the files with ls now?

[astral spear]

i see a folder, and the hello.py. How can i check what file names are in those blue folder names?

[warped nimbus]

Oh I see

It must have moved the folder in there

do mv ~/environments/bot/* ~/environments && rm -r ~/environments/bot

[astral spear]

it kinda worked

although i think there was an issue when i installed discord, cause its giving me the no module found error

did i maybe install it in the wrong directory?

[warped nimbus]

is your virtual environment still activated?

[astral spear]

~/environments this?

[warped nimbus]

No, when you did this source my_env/bin/activate

and then you see the (my_env) prefix in the console

[astral spear]

i dont think i did source my_env/bin/activate, cause i tried doing find source, and got no results so

but i do see (my_env) as a prefix

in my server

(my_env) sammy@ubuntu-s-1vcpu-1gb-nyc1-01:~/environments$

this is what i see ^

[warped nimbus]

source is a shell built-in so you wouldn't find it

And you must have done it since it looks like the venv is indeed active

what does pip list show?

or better yet pip show discord.py

do you see anything?

[astral spear]

nope

[warped nimbus]

then do pip install discord.py

[astral spear]

looks like it worked, but im running into an error with how i get my cogs. Looks like another problem with directory 😦

[warped nimbus]

are all the files you need there?

[astral spear]

i use ls right? If so, i see bot.py hello.py and a cogs folder

but none of the fun.py files

unless they're in the cogs folder

[warped nimbus]

you can use ls -R

will show contents of child folders too

[astral spear]

./Bot:
cogs  bot.py

./Bot/cogs:
__pycache__  fun.py

./Bot/cogs/__pycache__:
fun.cpython-37.pyc

./cogs:
__pycache__  fun.py

./cogs/__pycache__:
fun.cpython-37.pyc

./my_env:
bin  include  lib  lib64  pyvenv.cfg  share

./my_env/bin:
activate      activate.fish  easy_install      pip   pip3.6  python3
activate.csh  chardetect     easy_install-3.6  pip3  python  python3.6

./my_env/include:

./my_env/lib:
python3.6

./my_env/lib/python3.6:
site-packages```

this is what i see, and a whole lot of other internal stuff down below, but this looks like the parts we'd be focusing on

and i see the fun.pies there

[warped nimbus]

So nothing is missing?

[astral spear]

i dont think so

this is the line i use in my bot.py file which i get from my server console as the "error" line: for cog in os.listdir('.\\cogs'):, surprise surprise, its from a tutorial. IDK if that makes a difference

[warped nimbus]

what's the error?

could be cause linux uses forward slashes

[astral spear]

File "bot.py", line 240, in <module>
for cog in os.listdir('.\cogs'):
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '.\cogs'

[warped nimbus]

try './cogs'

[astral spear]

uhhh... lol

so like do i change it in the file i have on my computer, and reupload it to the server?

or can i edit it from the server console?

[warped nimbus]

you can open it in nano

[astral spear]

oh ya

thats weird, looking at my file using nano, the line is for cog in os.listdir('.\cogs'):, with double backslashes, while when i copied and pasted it up there, its only one \

should i try .//cogs or ./cogs ?

[warped nimbus]

The latter

[astral spear]

ok done. How do i exit? lol
It says ^X, but whenever i do shift x, it just rights a capital x on the file

[warped nimbus]

^ means ctrl

That's general advice though

I don't use nano ever so IDK how it works

[astral spear]

[white solar]

To exit ctrl+x

To save ctrl+s

Nano ftw

[astral spear]

thanks mark 😄

i love you

yes homo 🏳️‍🌈

✊

but not really ;p

[warped nimbus]

just in time for pride month

[white solar]

Lol

[astral spear]

im 2 hours late where im at but ¯_(ツ)_/¯

[stiff tiger]

anyone here happens to have a torrent link windows 10 iso image may 2019 update?

[warped nimbus]

Microsoft does make the ISOs freely available, but not via torrents

And why are you asking in #unix

[astral spear]

My bot isnt online anymore

I noticed in the morning, after i turned my computer off, my bot went offline too. Was i supposed to "save" or something, cause i dont see a point in a vps if i have to keep my computer on for it to work

[warped nimbus]

Look into making it a service with systemd or using screen (yes it's called screen)

[astral spear]

these are DO features?

[warped nimbus]

No they are Linux features

[astral spear]

so you're saying i dont even need digital ocean to host my bot?

[warped nimbus]

Well the server still needs to be powered on always

A service just makes it so that it runs in the background rather than closing the program when you end the.ssh connection

[astral spear]

which one do you recommend i google? Systemd or screen

[warped nimbus]

Screen is easier to use probably but I'd recommend systemd if you can get a hang of configuring it

[astral spear]

whats the difference?

im leaning to screen cause its easier

[warped nimbus]

Systemd makes it into a service and its more customisable

With screen all you're doing is saving the terminal.session

[astral spear]

thats all i really need though, right? What customization would systemd have that would benefit me hosting my bot

[warped nimbus]

You can do stuff like auto start, restart on crash, with a service

[astral spear]

ohh ok

ill start with screen first

[warped nimbus]

I.suggest you do some reading on systemd services to see what they have to offer if you are curious

[astral spear]

im trying to reconnect but i keep getting denied
C:\Users\Tyler>ssh root@67.205.158.163
root@67.205.158.163's password:
Permission denied, please try again.
root@67.205.158.163's password:

Im very sure the password is correct, its the one i made yesterday

or am i gonna have to reset my password?

[warped nimbus]

Are you sure you're using root password rather than sammys

[astral spear]

so its supposed to be the one from my email?

[warped nimbus]

No

[astral spear]

uh.., well i kinda used the same password for anything with this digital ocean stuff, cause i thought id get confused with something like this

tried to think ahead and make sure there werent problems. Im gonna have to reset password, arent I?

[warped nimbus]

If you can't figure it out then yeah you can resort to resetting it

[astral spear]

ok, im in the server. Now how can i log on as sammy?

i dont want to follow the link you gave me, cause that'd be creating a new user entirely, right?

[warped nimbus]

If you wanted to be on sammy you could have just directly connected as that user

ssh sammy@ip instead

But you can change users with the su command

su - sammy

[astral spear]

i found this guide on screening https://linuxize.com/post/how-to-use-linux-screen/

lol

i also just started to run my bot before following the tutorial

is it ok if i use the command to install screen within the environments directory from yesterday?

where i have bot.py, cogs, etc, or should i backtrace so im not in environments

[warped nimbus]

It doesn't matter what directory you are in when you use apt-get

[astral spear]

i think its working now, i closed all the terminals and my bot is still responding to commands

thanks!

again ;p

[warped nimbus]

No problem

[jolly wren]

Hey guys, I'm trying to make a script that creates users

Ik you can do it with regular shell code but my assignment is to make it with python

import argparse, sys, os, crypt
from datetime import date, timedelta

##Create User function
def createuser(user,edays):
    user = user.lower()
    now = date.today()
    end = now + timedelta(days=edays)
    expire = end.isoformat()
    password = "Password1"
    encPassword = crypt.crypt(password,"a1")
    print("Creating user: "+ user)
    os.system("useradd -m -p " +encPassword+ " -e " +expire+" "+ user)
    for line in open("/etc/passwd"):
        if line.startswith(user + ":"):
            print(line)

##Remove users
def deluser(user):
    print ("Deleting user: " + user)
    os.system("userdel -r " + user)

##Open File function used both the add and remove users from file
def openfile(file):
    f = open(file)
    for userline in f.readlines():
        if userline == "n": #Ignore empty lines
           continue
    userline = userline.rstrip() #remove trailing newline from readlines
    if args.addfromfile:
        createuser(userline,expiredays)
    elif args.deletefromfile:
        deluser(userline)

if not os.geteuid()==0:
    sys.exit("nOnly root can create users, try sudo " +sys.argv[0]+ " n")

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("-e","--expire",type=int,help="Days to expire account, default 5 days")
parser.add_argument("-a","--add", nargs="+", help="Creates local Linux Accounts")
parser.add_argument("-d","--delete",nargs="+", help="Removes local Linux Accounts")
parser.add_argument("-f","--addfromfile",help="Create Local Linux Accounts from file")
parser.add_argument("-r","--deletefromfile",help="Delete Local Linux Accounts from file")
args = parser.parse_args()

if args.expire:
    expiredays = args.expire
else:
    expiredays = 5

if args.add:
    for u in args.add:
        createuser(u, expiredays)
elif args.delete:
    for u in args.delete:
        deluser(u)

elif args.addfromfile:
    openfile(args.addfromfile)
elif args.deletefromfile:
    openfile(args.deletefromfile)

This is what i have so far but when i run it

I get "Only root can create users, try sudo"

so my question is if it's asking me to bring in sudo with the subprocess command

[warped nimbus]

Are you running your python script with sudo/root?

[jolly wren]

no

im trying to do that rn

You know how to? @warped nimbus

[warped nimbus]

sudo python3 script.py

[jolly wren]

nothing happens

nothing comes up

http://prntscr.com/oa6zsv

[warped nimbus]

Well it looks like you need to give it some arguments since you're using argparse

[jolly wren]

Do you know which arguments

-a right?

[warped nimbus]

No, I didn't write your script. Arenät you the one that wrote it?

You should know better than me

[jolly wren]

oh i thought you were talking about bash script arguments

ok thx

[warped nimbus]

Np

[blissful sage]

so

why would I ever use .bashrc instead of .bash_profile

[robust cave]

man bash

/bin/bash
       The bash executable
/etc/profile
       The systemwide initialization file, executed for login shells
~/.bash_profile
       The personal initialization file, executed for login shells
~/.bashrc
       The individual per-interactive-shell startup file
~/.bash_logout
       The individual login shell cleanup file, executed when a login shell exits
~/.inputrc
       Individual readline initialization file

[blissful sage]

well I understand

but I don't really see the usecase for .bashrc

like doesn't bash profile supersede bashrc?

maybe I'm confused

[robust cave]

.bashrc is only sourced for interactive non-login shells, while .bash_profile is for login shells

[blissful sage]

oh

[robust cave]

there are commands where you wouldn't want running on a non-login shell, and vice versa

[blissful sage]

could you use an example

[robust cave]

I could, but I'm heading out in 2 secs, I'll see if I can do it on mobile

here’s a simple one, if you have something setup to print out very detailed diagnostic information about your machine to the terminal, you don’t want it in .bashrc, since it'll print it out every time you open a new terminal

[blissful sage]

ahh

but why wouldn't it print just the same from your .bash_profile

because I've modified my .bash_profile, the changes still carry over from terminal instance to terminal instance

[robust cave]

as in your .bash_profile sources .bashrc? that’s common but my previous example still stands

[blissful sage]

no, as in I don't have a bashrc

i just made changes to my bash profile

[robust cave]

are you on macOS?

[blissful sage]

I installed homebrew, as well as pipenv, and as result I had to edit my bash profle

yes

[robust cave]

ah, Terminal runs a login shell by default

so .bash_profile does get sourced

[blissful sage]

ah

so on linux it would be different

[robust cave]

yep

[blissful sage]

but on mac it doesn't matter so much?

[robust cave]

yeap, even on Linux some configurations just have .bash_profile source .bashrc and have everything in .bashrc so there’s no need to manage two separate files

[blissful sage]

that's where I;m at now, it seems kind of convoluted and confusing

managing two separate files seems like a waste of time, I can't picture how that's useful. But that may be because I started with macOS

so basically I should jsut continue to edit my bash_profile, there seems to be contradictory advice online

[south star]

it might be an option in the terminal app whether to run a login shell or not

i would say it's a most useful distunction when connecting from command line to a server, whether physicaly or from ssh, if you are using a graphical session, in linux you basicall never run a login shell

(unless you setup your terminal emulator to do so)

[trim wing]

I have a problem, i accidentally installed linux 32 bit on my machine, and there is no way to upgrade to 64 bit

how can i fix this dumbassery

[white solar]

Reinstall ?

[tawny sky]

Reinstall.

[oak shell]

https://askubuntu.com/q/81824/367990 possible, but not trivial. Reinstalling is probably simpler if it's a relatively fresh install anyway.

[trim wing]

yeah its not fresh :/

[oak shell]

then back up your stuff and try the method above. Worst case you can still reinstall and restore your data.

[south star]

well, you could tell dpkg to add the amd64  arch, and then install amd64 versions of basically all the packages, and the kernel for it, of course, then reboot on the new kernel and remove the i386 architecture, but that sounds more like a learning adventure than a proper plan, it's going to be a lot easier to just reinstall

[trim wing]

sod it, i'll leave it on 32bit till the machine dies!

[south star]

the second answer is promising though https://askubuntu.com/a/152798/80733

[trim wing]

😮

[south star]

the result is a 64 kernel but 32 bit for most packages, but then you can install 64 bit versions of them

probaly using some dpkg -l parsing and scripting

[trim wing]

i think the only reason i want it is for vscode remote 😄

[main olive]

what's a kernel

[odd hollow]

core program that interfaces with hardware components

[nimble quarry]

Hello guys, a bit noobish but I could not find an answer to this 😬. Very quick: why will this Bash command not print anything?

$ FOO='foo' echo -n "$FOO"

[torn snow]

@nimble quarry bash will set FOO only for the duration of the echo command itself, the $FOO will be evaluated and substituted by bash before echo runs

If you need local scoping e.g. in a shell script function, use the local keyword

[nimble quarry]

@torn snow oh right, makes sense, thank you 👍

[surreal vapor]

Anyone alive that can help me with general Linux issue? Not necessarily Python. gpg keysever problem.

[torn snow]

@surreal vapor don't ask to ask, what's the issue

[surreal vapor]

kat > 1
1) Add kali linux repositories
kat > 1

[surreal vapor]

Think I got it. Proxy was blocking it, jumped on a VPN.

[torn snow]

You arguably want to just a Kali live cd to do pentesting

Kali is terribly insecure for desktop use but great for pentesting because root is the default user

[hallow geyser]

^^ @torn snow Yup! IMO, use it as a liveCD, but do not run it as your main

[surreal vapor]

I am not using Kali, I was trying to use a script that automatically added Kali tools to my Ubuntu OS

[south star]

are you aware of the current situation with gpg keyservers?

you might want to learn about it before doing any synchronisaton

https://gist.github.com/rjhansen/67ab921ffb4084c865b3618d6955275f

@surreal vapor

[surreal vapor]

Oh dear

[south star]

yeah, pretty bad

[surreal vapor]

Situation: I am currently logged into my VM... I changed the username via and now the password doesn't work and I can't get back in. I am in the CLI but if my VM locks I am not sure I am able to get back in. Is there a way to fix it? I can't even get root since it's trying to get root for the new name not the old one.

[robust cave]

changed the username via?

[surreal vapor]

/etc/shadow /etc/passwd

One of the two I forgot

[surreal vapor]

Ok

Well I fixed half the problem

I logged into root and changed the password to the account via another account

Using passwd

Now I get a black screen that flashes

[torn snow]

The black screen is inside the VM?

[surreal vapor]

Ok so

I signed into another account

And used su and I can see my files and such. However I cannot use the Ubuntu GUI to click on the account and access it

But when I click on the account from the login page that lets you select an account, I get a quick black screen with some text that shows my username and password in clear text and some other stuff

[main olive]

saved a file in a certain format.. forgets what format it was.. Stat is so not helpful

soooo this is why extensions are important

[surreal vapor]

It's all good, I just logged into another user, grabbed my documentation and kept going. Only thing I lost is the picture for my backgrounds on the lock screen and home screen.
Always document.
Lesson learned: Document everything and save a working snapshot before do anything risky

[torn snow]

@main olive run file on it

[misty ravine]

Are WiFi drivers not available when installing Kali in VirtualBox

[main olive]

virtual box provides its own virtualized network adapter

which has built in support in the kernel

you need to set up networking in virtualbox itself

[high helm]

I am currently using MX Linux. How am I suppose to install and upgrade to the latest release?

[grave jolt]

looks like its debian based so dist-upgrade should do it.
they have a migration document as well: https://mxlinux.org/migration/

[high helm]

I mean the latest release of Python 3.

[grave jolt]

oh, you should be using virtual envs for your projects, leave the os version alone, dont install packages in to it and let it be upgraded via the normal os upgrade system

changing the version of python that the os uses can break things

[high helm]

That means I gotta wait for a while, then. 😐

[grave jolt]

you can install any version in to a virtual env at any time

tools like pipenv and pyenv make that pretty easy

a virtual env can have its own python version as well as its own package set

[high helm]

what about anaconda?

[grave jolt]

i have not used anaconda but it might be similar

[torn snow]

Poetry > than pipenv though

@grave jolt sometimes distros will have packages that let you install multiple Python versions in parallel, e.g. Fedora let me install python38 which is separate from python3

Then you can use e.g. poetry or venvwrapper to set up project-specific venvs

[grave jolt]

yeah if it has the version you want in the repo you might as well install that and just use the venv to isolate your package choices

[torn snow]

I personally wouldn't recommend Anaconda unless you want the scientific packages because ime it can be a bit awkward sometimes

Lmao I just realized I pinged the wrong person

Sorry

@high helm

[grave jolt]

lol

[high helm]

okay

[warped nimbus]

You can get miniconda, which comes without any additional packages.

To me it just seems like an alternative to pyenv

And kind of a worse one

If you actually want to take advantage of packages on conda then that's a different story

[misty ravine]

@main olive Ohkk thanks I'll look into it

[gritty bobcat]

I've recently moved from a raspberry pi to GCP, but for some reason, a bunch of syntax error has appeared when they didn't before, does anyone know why?
Also, I deleted and replaced a file, but it's still running deleted code, what do I do?

Is there anyway I can get a GUI for a GCP?

please ping

[somber stirrup]

Sounds like a version problem. What were you running on the pi?

@gritty bobcat

[gritty bobcat]

Sorry, I've figured it out

It was python version and being weird

Thanks for the concern anyway

[gritty bobcat]

This is a dumb question, but with a Google Cloud Platform, when I SSH in, I can start a task, but when I close the SSH connection, the task dies aswell, how do I have it so it runs the task without needing to have the SSH connection open?

[warped nimbus]

Use a tool like screen or make the task into a service so it runs in the background

You can also use tmux but I've not tried it. Apparently it's better than screen.

[torn snow]

@gritty bobcat also check out systemd-run --user if you need to run some short task service-style

[grave jolt]

yeah the ideal way it so make it a service so that it auto starts

[gritty stirrup]

How do I manage permissions inside a docker-volume for php?

[gritty stirrup]

drwxrwxrwx 2 www-data www-data 4096 Jul 12 22:13 sharex

I got these permissions.

[warped nimbus]

Can't you just chmod?

[scarlet charm]

Anyone familiar with Ubuntu able to help me out? I seem to have accidentally deleted my gui.

[fallen swan]

Try this:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install gnome-shell ubuntu-gnome-desktop

when prompted login manager of choice do LightDM if you want the Unity manager or GDM for the GNOME default

@scarlet charm

[scarlet charm]

Did that. Didn't get a prompt

[fallen swan]

Oh, does it work though?

[scarlet charm]

Rebooting

[fallen swan]

Gotcha

[scarlet charm]

Yes and no

I got to the lightdm login screen, but inputting my uname and pword gets me a rainbow line screen and then I'm back at lightdm to do it again.

[fallen swan]

one sec

so the cog-wheel, what options does it display?

[scarlet charm]

Sec. I went back to the tty and gotta reboot

[fallen swan]

alright

[scarlet charm]

Guest, Libvirt Qemu, then my username

[fallen swan]

hmm

GNOME isn't on there

That's weird

Sorry but I'm not too sure what's going on

[scarlet charm]

🤷

Thanks anyways for trying.

[signal nebula]

Anyone know why on linux mint pip has so many packages preinstalled compared to windows?

maybe windows just doesn't show everything when you do pip list?

[grave jolt]

the built in software on most linux distros use a lot of python packages, windows doesnt even have python installed by default

when working with python on linux make sure you always modify venvs, not hte global python environment

messing with the os python on linux can result in breaking system tools

guest, libvirt qemu and username is the list of users not the list of desktop environments @scarlet charm .
the rainbow thing implies to me that you might need to [re] install the driver for your graphics card.

you might also look for the button that lets you switch desktop environments and select gnome, it might have the wrong thing selected

oh also you can hide the libvirt user if you mess with some files, i dont remember which but i did it the other day and can peek later if you care. It requires making a file in some services config directory that marks it as a system user

[signal nebula]

I think i've only done "sudo apt-get install python3-pip", maybe also sudo apt-get install python3".. My linux build is only 2 days old hopefully I haven't already messed up some important files ._.

[grave jolt]

using apt to install stuff is fine and shouldnt break anything

but you can end up putting extra packages in or breaking stuff if you just use pip itself tbh

eg if you bump a version and pip doesnt realize its from a package instead

if you switch to using a venv you know you wont mess up your environment

and you can have a different one for each project

it lets you select or even install a different version of python from the os's version and also lets you have a separate list of packages

cause with the venv active you can just run python / pip and it will use the one in your venv

if you can reboot your system and log in without errors then you are likely fine as far as your global environment is concerned

[signal nebula]

Any way to check if there's extra packages? Now that I think about it I may have done some pip install python3..
I'm just starting try and get in the habit of using venv or pipenv. I assumed that your virtual environments used the global python, and any additional packages were installed as needed

Lots of confusing information out there

[grave jolt]

if you have a venv active itll by default use hte global python executables but install packages just in your venv

so as long as you make sure to activate the venv you are safe

now as far as extra packages idk, maybe there is a way to cross reference the apt package list and the pip package list

but extra ones dont hurt anything

other than being annoying extra wasted stuff

[signal nebula]

Alright, cool. Also this is a dumb question but- If you have 10 projects, each in a separate environment, and you pip install Flask in each one- Is Flask installed 10 times on your computer?

[grave jolt]

also i think you have to use sudo pip install or similar in order to install to the global env

otherwise you wont have permission

yeah it would

but its worth the extra space used

and when you are done you can delete the venv

[signal nebula]

I definitely sudo pip installed something, just can't remember what lol

[grave jolt]

eg if you commit a Pipfile or pyproject.yaml or whatever then its easy to rebuild the venvs later

lol well you are fine tbh as long as things are working. as long as you didnt end up making the os lose track of a file or bump a version to one that breaks some service it should be ok

i wouldnt go randomly deleting packages

[signal nebula]

I haven't heard of those files. Is that the same thing as a requirements file- like a list of the packages that can be automatically reinstalled on a new environment?

[grave jolt]

yeah they are similar

i am still working through trying to figure out the ideal use of all of them and which env managers are the easiest

[signal nebula]

Any thoughts so far? I was using venv on windows but I'm considering trying out pipenv

thanks for the help btw

[grave jolt]

i think i was using pipenv for making applications

which can use pyenv to install other versions of python

[heady briar]

Can someone help me with running a python script on centos 7 using cron?

I have to run a script at startup but the script won't run at all.

[gilded basalt]

Can you share the cron scripting you've tried so far?

[heady briar]

@gilded basalt I got no discord on my pc so I'll just take a picture of the code

It's a simple script to activate nordvpn at startup

[gilded basalt]

Why is there a reboot command before the path to the python script?

You should probably invoke the script directly e.g. /usr/local/bin/python3.7 /home/fletcher/Python/nord_vpn.py &

However I'm a neophyte at Cron scripting so probably not the best person to help with this

[heady briar]

Ill try those brb

[blissful sage]

if that doesn't work, hit it with your shoe

im jk

[heady briar]

Nope didn't work. With or without @reboot

Could this be related to selinux?

[grave jolt]

you might want to switch to using NetworkManager or something to autostart the vpn when your network comes up
but as far as it not working, have you checked the log files and the man pages for the version of cron on that system?
it might not support @ reboot and just support time of day stuff, which is what cron is typically used for

also even if it does support that, starting a vpn before the network comes up will likely fail

and 'on reboot' doesnt mean 'on reboot after the network has come up'

also what user does it need to run under? nordvpn likely needs access to some configuration and if its run as root that config needs to be stored in a different place than when you run it under your user

and there also are likely some log files, or you could redirect the output of your python file in the cron tab someplace

[torn snow]

@heady briar check out systemd units

That would be the easiest way to do this

You can write a simple systemd service to run on boot

It also logs everything automatically

[gritty stirrup]

@warped nimbus I already had

drwxrwxrwx 2 www-data www-data 4096 Jul 12 22:13 sharex

This is the php user, and its 777

Yet it fails

It is a volumes mount... Don't know if that is the issue though.

[gritty bobcat]

@warped nimbus How do I do this? :D

[main olive]

tmux, well you run tmux

like just tmux

then it opens up a new "terminal"

type your commands what not

then quit out of the terminal

unless theres a way to go back I haven't figured that out

in order return to a previous tmux, type tmux a -t 0
where 0 is the instance number. Meaning if you have 3 terminals you can run tmux a -t 2 to get the last one

you can also do tmux ls to list all your instances

[gritty bobcat]

So in the SSH window

do tmux in the console

[warped nimbus]

@gritty stirrup what's failing? I've used chmod and chown in a bind mount before but not a volume

[gritty stirrup]

It was a PHP issue

Thanks anyways

[junior nebula]

I've messed up some symlinks yesterday after a few glasses of wine I think.. lol

This:

Is supposed to look like this:

right?

Not sure how I get that back tho

I guess I deleted /usr/bin/python2.7 honeslty

ughhh

[south star]

lol, you decided to jump right into it 😄 bye python-legacy! 😄

you might as well link it to python3, some programs might run

[junior nebula]

Yeaah.. Problem is that my jhbuild isn't working now

I started all of this to upgrade my gnome version

➜  jhbuild git:(master) ✗ jhbuild sanitycheck    
/usr/bin/env: ‘python2’: No such file or directory

Looking in history, this is what I did lol

I guess unlink is an alias for rm or something

that wasn't my intention at all, that's for sure

[south star]

yeah, unlink is low level rm

[junior nebula]

Any tips on going back?

Might as well reformat

I guess

maybe easie

r

[south star]

hm, you could tell dpkg to reinstall python2

if dpkg still works without python2, though

[junior nebula]

you're a legend

I didn't even consider

cheers

yum reinstall python2 worked indeed

[south star]

great 😃

[junior nebula]

Thanks mate

[junior nebula]

Well, I wasn't successful at compiling Gnome and installing it from source.. I really want to upgrade to 3.32.x, and I'm currently on 3.28.3.

I'm on RHEL8, but I'm unable to solve these issues:

jhbuild git:(master) ✗ jhbuild sanitycheck
python-gobject not found
dbus-python not found

Looking at the source doe this is what it attempts to do:

        # check for "sysdeps --install" deps:
        try:
            import glib
        except:
            uprint(_('%s not found') % 'python-gobject')
        try:
            import dbus.glib
        except:
            uprint(_('%s not found') % 'dbus-python')

pycairo and PyGObject is already installed.

Still won't work

[main olive]

python and pip both point to py3?

[junior nebula]

I guess jhbuild is using python2..

Why would RHEL8 be shipped with an old GNOME version

ugh

[main olive]

because it's stable

you're using enterprise linux, you should definitely not be surprised that the software versions are "old"

[junior nebula]

Yeah, I mean I agree hehe

It should be stable, EL is what it is

I'll figure out how to update gnome eventually!

[south star]

why would you install a desktop on RHEL, do you use it as desktop?

[junior nebula]

Basically I'm working at a place where we only use windows desktops. Since we're using OpenShift and some redhat systems I got approved to test out RHEL8 as a desktop workstation

edited, bad formulation in the first message

And by approved I mean by the security people. Not so much luck on Arch.. Might give it another go, though

They basically allow me to use it since "it might be requested by a customer" at some point

and then they want it to be EL

[oak shell]

I don't really think RHEL makes much sense on a Desktop, CentOS would be more suitable for that. CentOS is basically the free community derivate of RHEL, but should be fully compatible.

Or even Fedora.

[junior nebula]

I haven't shifted over yet though, I'm just playing around atm to see how things works

Yeah, super annoying that there's no EPEL ready either haha

RHEL8 is supposed to be more workstation oriented afaik though

But I've never really had any experience with RHEL until now, so can't say for sure

[south star]

oh my, ok, if you can't run what you want on desktop i guess it would make sense

i would have tried ubuntu, as it also has an enterprise dimension

not as established as RHEL though

[junior nebula]

I mean, I'm gonna be the only one with a linux client

I've only used ElementaryOS (which I liked a lot actually), Arch and vanilla ubuntu 14.04 and 16.04

And I've always loved my linux work stations, but RHEL literally gives me nothing, everything is a struggle lol

[south star]

yeah, it's not as much fun for sure

[junior nebula]

But it might not be as bad when EPEL is released

Which is in a few months

I’ve compiled a few things from source already

And it’s thankfully gnome which I don’t hate

Just a few of the extensions I want require a newer version, so we’ll see if I figure out how to upgrade it or not

Otherwise it might be possible to swap to something like Fedora if things are a struggle in my daily life.

[junior nebula]

Then again my day to day life is using an editor, docker, ansible and git

I think I’ll be fine

[main olive]

yeah, don't even need a DE for that

[junior nebula]

Hehe, true

[south star]

have been happy outside DE since i learned wmii and then i3 (to which i moved on when wmii was more than dead), i3 is really great.

[main olive]

@junior nebula Why don't you just use Fedora, you have Everything ISO (its network install) which you could use easily and install your preferred desktop
I have Fedora WS (GNOME) only cause it works with my shitty NVIDIA optimus laptop

I would deploy CentOS in enterprise

or RHEL with satelite management

[simple gulch]

I can back up Fedora WS for a daily driver (as far as development and office stuff go)

[junior nebula]

I don’t really have an option atm

We’ll see tho

[simple gulch]

oh

[junior nebula]

I’m forced on Windows or RHEL

[simple gulch]

RHEL's fine

[junior nebula]

And I’m sick of WSL

[simple gulch]

hehe wsl bad

you using 1.0 or 2.0?

[junior nebula]

I’ve used 1.0 up until down

Now

[simple gulch]

yeaaah I've had a pretty bad time with that

also it's hard to manage user groups since it doesn't fix windows' issue of not being freakin' unix-like

[junior nebula]

Yeah.. but fedora or centos may be viable in the future for sure

But then again now I’ve managed to compile most the software I wanted

So I’m not stressing too much

I just wish I figured out how to upgrade my gnome too

[simple gulch]

...compile?

you on Gentoo or something?

[sage solar]

lots of people compile software from source on many distros

ive even written some scripts to compile the latest version of openocd automatically for me because the last release is from 2017 but there have been new features until this day

[torn snow]

Haha hey turtlebasket, I was about to be like "yeah fedora is awesome" too

@junior nebula building gnome from source will be mildly painful because you'll likely have to rebuild a ton of its dependencies from source as well, e.g. you're basically pulling a Gentoo

[junior nebula]

Yeah, it’s all deps that sucks to compile

[main olive]

@junior nebula You don't have to compile most of stuff, when it comes to sofware I would install Snap and let it handle packages and RHEL 8 should have GNOME 3.28 which is fairly new

[junior nebula]

RHEL has gnome 3.28 indeed, does not help me in that case

Snap don't handle those things afaik

For normal apps I agree, snap and those packaging frameworks are nice

But the discussion here is not about that :P

Unless GNOME exist on snap, then of course, I will gladly check it out

I might give i3 another try though, I enjoyed i3 alot last time I tried it out

[main olive]

i3 is good, once you get a hold of it you'll be a very productive power user

[main olive]

@junior nebula Give shot to i3, its indeed very good, better than GNOME imo and Snap handles flawlessly like Chromium, VS Code, Azure Data Studio, Libreoffice...

[torn snow]

Snap is a terrible technology

All the way down the stack

Also I actually switched from i3 to GNOME so it's not universally better

@junior nebula RHEL point releases bring newer gnome versions, is there something specific you need from a newer one?

[main olive]

@torn snow may you explain why its terrible, I found Flatpak much more unmature and unready, Snap fits my needs and runs without problems

[torn snow]

let me pull up my snap complaints list

@main olive

Also since then I've found worse stuff:

• Their store backend is proprietary, so without reverse engineering the protocols it's impossible to run a custom store.

• The selinux policies are so poor that they literally caused major lag on Red Hat / Fedora systems because the journal was swamped from all the selinux violation logs.

Often wrt snap on Fedora advice comes down to, either don't use it or set selinux to permissive

Also classic snaps don't work on distros with a read-only rootfs at all

[main olive]

Flatpak has its own core issues that are even worse

[torn snow]

I need to throw this up on a gist so I can copy paste it

[main olive]

Don't get me started on amount of errors on Fedora Silverblue

[torn snow]

Oof that's my distro

What issues did you have?

[main olive]

I was trying to flatpak Chromium and I had reinvent wheel for 18 hours just to get it running, next problem is I don't see any documentation how to add drives / RAIDs / ZFS pools into Flatpak's internal file system, I've encountered insane amount of crashes while trying to VSCodium on Fedora Silverblue, many apps that I need are missing (where is my Boostnote, Chromium, Azure Data Studio...)

[torn snow]

Oh gosh you can't flatpak chromium very easily

I'm actually working on that right now

In general on Silverblue it's sort of known not everything is available Flatpak'd, which is why rpm-ostree supports layered packages, e.g. I layer Chrome

Any applications that use the desktop portals (which is a way for a sandboxed application to ask the host OS to open a file and the host OS only exposes the selected files, the idea caught on so well it was separated from Flatpak because snap devs wanted to use it) should let you see your external filesystems

On any others, you can expose specific directories inside using flatpak override my.app.id --filesystem=/the/path

VSCodium crashes may have been due to VSCodium itself, since I use the VS Code flatpak without trouble

Though I'd encourage you to file a bug report on their repo in cases like that

Yeah Chromium flatpak takes quite a bit of elbow grease

Because Chromium uses some very privileged syscalls to set up its own sandboxes

[main olive]

What GPU do you use ?
I want to know how NVIDIA Optimus works on Fedora Silverblue

[torn snow]

Ah I have AMD, I've seen some people use Optimus but it's hard to tell because issues can occur across distros with that too

E.g. one person managed to make pop os's integrated GPU switcher break so whenever they went Intel their system no longer booted

The driver itself on SB is actually kinda nice because if it fails to compile the upgrade itself fails

So you don't have to e.g. re-run akmods or something like sometimes needs to be done on normal Fedora

Tbh for optimus these days I usually recommend nvidia-xrun

Because it lets you switch while booted and also doesn't break the Intel side

But I'm not sure if anyone's tried it on SB yet (no real reason it should break though)

Sadly bumblebee itself is a mess and largely unmaintained at this point so options can be slim...

[main olive]

Nvidia-xrun, hmm...

Also does i3 work ?

[torn snow]

Yeah I definitely know people who have installed i3

Come to the dark side we have immutable systems cookies

FYI there's also a fedora discord where I know at least one person actively uses SB with nvidia

[main olive]

What is Fedora Silverblue equivalent on servers ?

I am looking for a VM that I can spin up and play around with Docker

[torn snow]

Fedora CoreOS but that's in preview stages, should be ready in under a year though afaik

There's also Red Hat CoreOS but for some reason the free developer subscription doesn't cover that

[main olive]

CoreOS ?
Does that support ZFS ?

If it does I am deleting Ubuntu server and moving to CoreOS

[torn snow]

Hmm someone said they got it working but I'm not sure on the details, especially since FCOS is still in preview stages

It's not quite as powerful but maybe you could check out Stratis as well

[jolly wren]

Does anyone know where i can find a glossary that explains small terminal syntax like

-n or -a, "i" etc

[lament blaze]

Do you mean what different option flags do for different programs?

Or do you mean the syntax for the shell language, such as bash?

[jolly wren]

syntax for the shell language

[lament blaze]

do you know if you're shell is bash?

[jolly wren]

yea its bash

[lament blaze]

if you are running Linux, you probably have the info program installed. You can access the full bash manual by typing info bash

but you are probably better off using an online guide/resource

if you search for 'gnu bash manual', you will find a link to a super exhaustive (too long) official manual

that should be identical to info bash but easier on the eyes than reading in a terminal

[jolly wren]

thanks

[lament blaze]

if you search tldp bash you get a widely shared bash primer

there might be more modern stuff out there

[junior nebula]

@main olive @main olive I tried to get i3 work too, but I couldn't get it to.. Won't have my laptop until saturday, so I'm not sure exactly what was wrong, but some dependency I didn't manage to compile

the EPEL7 release didn't work atleast due to some missing deps

@torn snow , I just don't really like the WM, but this looked interesting https://github.com/PapyElGringo/material-shell

I'll report back o nsaturday when I get my laptop about what the errors I had were

I have a roller mouse due to a bad wrist, so I'd like to have everyhing by keybinds tho

[grave jolt]

i feel like id rather set up a vm/container with a different distro and run everything in that before id consider compiling all my packages

[junior nebula]

My RHEL laptop is just for testing out stuff, I'll format it back again when I've messed around for a while

I've used i3 before though, I know I like that for a fact

[faint trout]

hello

so i installed usb ubuntu but can i use my primary ssd on ubuntu

[grave jolt]

You will have to install it to the ssd.

the system cant read files on a usb drive that is not inserted.

[faint trout]

so its only possible on usb?

to install ubuntu

[grave jolt]

no, you can install it on your drive.

[faint trout]

and all pro do it like this

on ssd?

[grave jolt]

it doesnt matter if its ssd or hdd

[faint trout]

how do i install it to ssd?

[grave jolt]

if you loaded the 'live' version of ubuntu on your usb drive it should have an icon on the desktop saying 'install' or somtehing

if you run that it will walk you through installing it and you can select your ssd

be aware though that you will have to choose if you want to delete everything on the drive by installing ubuntu to the entire drive, or if you want to resize your existing windows partition

[faint trout]

i want to delete everything

as windows did not exist

[grave jolt]

if you tell it to use the entire drive for ubuntu, manually delete the partition or something goes wrong, you could lose your data on the windows partition. make sure to back up your important data first.

[faint trout]

so i will have this for sure when i boot my usb?

[grave jolt]

ok then it should be pretty easy to do then

if you loaded the live version of ubuntu on your usb drive, then yes

[faint trout]

ok so how do i check if i loaded live

[grave jolt]

you can look at the file you downloaded and see what it says

yeah the iso is usually the live version

[faint trout]

so its definetly live

[grave jolt]

i mean i am not giving you a money back guarantee but it looks like the live version that i have used in the past

[faint trout]

ok will meet at the other side when i completely delete windows without back up and install ubuntu

and i can't reinstall windows in recovery

but it will reinstall ubuntu instead?

do i need rtx drives?

[grave jolt]

recovery wont do anything anymore

[faint trout]

drivers

[grave jolt]

youll need the nvidia proprietary drivers which i think ubuntu will ask you if you want

however be aware a lot of games dont run easily under linux

as they were designed for windows

[faint trout]

in default all drivers i have on windows will be same on ubuntu

[grave jolt]

no they dont share actual driver files but on ubuntu they include the vast majority of drivers

[faint trout]

can i recover ubuntu like erase all data and like new ubuntu operating system

[grave jolt]

you wont have a 'recovery' option on boot up but you can just freely install a new linux distro whenever you want since there is no license fee

[faint trout]

so the rest drivers, installing manually is the only way

what is distro?

[grave jolt]

generally there will be some instructions telling you how to get any other ones but generally if the hardware works in linux the drivers will be easy to install or will come with the base install of the distro

'ubuntu' is a collection of software for linux, which is called a distribution of linux

'debian' 'fedora' 'arch linux' are a few other ones

[faint trout]

what is the difference of ubuntu and linux

and why ubuntu exist

is it programming frame work?

[grave jolt]

linux is actually only one piece of software: the linux kernel. its the software that talks directly to your hardware and organizes the other software while it runs
people often just call any operating system running linux, linux
ubuntu runs linux but is also a ton of other software that runs under linux

and ubuntu is organized to make it easy to install and update all that software

[faint trout]

so ubuntu runs linux

[grave jolt]

yea

[faint trout]

meaning i can't download only linux

just wondering, i wanted ubuntu

[grave jolt]

you can but it wont do much on its own. you can actually boot just linux on some motherboards but it wont do anything after that

you need other software to actually interact with the computer

[faint trout]

make sence

so i just restart pc and change bios boot

i mean bootable drive

to usb and then change it to ssd

[grave jolt]

yeah then ubuntu should boot up on your usb

then you click install once it loads

and it will walk you through installing ubuntu and partitioning your ssd

[faint trout]

there will be only one button for installation?

[grave jolt]

one icon to start, but it will ask a few questions

like time zone, network settings, user name, and of course where you want it installed

[faint trout]

well if wifi driver does not work i will have to go offline

[grave jolt]

you can still install ubuntu but you'd need to get that figured out before you can use the internet or update the os

[faint trout]

do you have ubuntu?

[grave jolt]

i have mint on my laptop atm which is based on ubuntu

[faint trout]

what is it?

[grave jolt]

mint? its like ubuntu but has a few extra pieces of software

[faint trout]

oh ok so its like ubuntu with an extention

[grave jolt]

underneath it pulls from ubuntu's software 'repositories' aka where they store all their software

yea

[faint trout]

i heard you can download stuff by code rather then web

makes it easier right

[grave jolt]

you can use the terminal to do a lot of stuff if thats what you mean

and its often easier since most of the tools are modular or work similarly on the terminal

but it has a learning curve

[faint trout]

how can i figure out to make sure my wifi driver will be found on ubuntu

before installation

i guess i would have to do it after if it happens

what do you mean by repositories @grave jolt ?

i need to understand what is it after i install ubuntu i guess

see you in a bit after installation

[daring oxide]

hello i installed ubuntu and i need to install drivers

@grave jolt

can anyone help me install razer drivers?

https://tenor.com/view/mr-bean-waiting-still-waiting-gif-13052487

i need help

pleaaaaasssssssssssssssssssssssssssseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee''

[sleek compass]

does order matter with the options in fstab? like if I wanted all defaults, except I want noauto rather than auto, could I do noauto,defaults?

or do I have to do noauto,rw,suid,dev,exec,nouser,async

[signal nebula]

about to swap out mint for manjaro. don't feel like unplugging my windows drive this time, hopefully I pick the right one 🌚

[grave jolt]

yeah i am planning to switch off of mint myself

@sleek compass i dont think the order matters as long as your individual options are correct and any values associated with them are properly formatted

i might go to fedora for its more up to date packages but they are all the same when it comes to python dev imo since you just use venvs and such anyway

[sleek compass]

it's a shame antergos is ending

it brought a lot of attention to arch

[simple gulch]

wasn't antergos just a glorified arch installer

[sleek compass]

and thanks @grave jolt

yep

though they did a bit more than that tbf

[simple gulch]

I guess it helped make arch more accessible

[grave jolt]

isnt manjaro also that?

[simple gulch]

not really

[grave jolt]

also i HATE their webpage lol

[simple gulch]

it's similar to arch in many regards but for example it uses its own repos (whereas antergos used the official arch repos)

I don't use manjaro because it broke way too often

[sleek compass]

antergos maintained their own repos too I think?

[grave jolt]

did it break more often than arch in your opinion

[simple gulch]

in my experience? yeah

[grave jolt]

i was under the impression that manjaro is just arch but they delay the packages and have a few valueadded features

oic

[sleek compass]

arch doesn't break a ton on me tbh

occaisonally I will apply a kernel patch at like 2PM and regret it

[grave jolt]

i used a file system with snapshots to prevent most of those issues

[simple gulch]

arch is more stable since its repos are supposed to be better-maintained

[sleek compass]

mostly it's stable

[grave jolt]

any issue and i just revert the root file system and figure it out

[simple gulch]

btrfs?

[grave jolt]

yea

i use zfs on my server though

i havnt played with stelaris or whatever redhat is doing instead of btrfs yet. it looks like its snapshotting is SUPER heavy compared to btrfs and zfs which is really sad

but i think they would be better off with snapshotting on the filesystem level anyway for that reason

my server setup has a vm for my own git repo and a vm where i can mess around with linux programs. eventually i want to get to the point where i am using stuff like infrastructure as code and other automation and be able to easily deploy python apps and stuff to it

its super nice that a lot of tools are written in python. i can read their source when their documentation fails

eg ipsilon and some of the sssd tools have pretty meh documentation but the source code is really simple

[lethal bronze]

Hello

I can’t download graphics driver and WiFi driver to my Ubuntu operating system

I already did not sleep and was doing research 24 hours none stop

And did not come up with anything

@grave jolt

Mghngcdrtgdetgjifdyj

Help me

[main olive]

lmao

[somber stirrup]

Haven't had much trouble with arch breaking either. If anything it feels more stable (coming from Ubuntu) since all the packages are up to date

[warped nimbus]

I have had issues with it, but it was not permanent damage

Cause was basically me firing up a VM that had not been updated in.a year

And there ended up being some issues resolving dependencies for packages

When updating

[robust cave]

as in running a VM in Arch, or running Arch in a VM?

[warped nimbus]

The latter

[robust cave]

ah, that's plausible

[warped nimbus]

The fact that it's a VM doesn't matter, more so for context as to why there were no updates

[robust cave]

Unless you run long term VMs, it’s pretty easy to just make a new one

[warped nimbus]

Yeah I didn't have to in this case

Just had to look at the forums.for 20 minutes

Don't even remember what the fix was

But I somehow got the troublesome package removed

[torn snow]

@lethal bronze most likely you're going to need Ethernet at least or tethering to install the WiFi driver

[lethal bronze]

hello

i need to get wifi adapter

fixed

my ubuntu can't find it

[main olive]

Can we go to one of the help channels?

!free

[shy yoke]

**Looking for a free help channel?**

The following channels look free:

**1. #help-chestnut inactive for 22m52s

2. #help-kiwi inactive for 14m2s

**
These channels aren't guaranteed to be free, so use your best judgement and check for yourself.

[main olive]

Let's try #help-chestnut

@lethal bronze You there?

[lethal bronze]

yes

ok

bash: cd: root: No such file or directory
f@f-Blade:~$ sudo dmesg | grep firmware
[sudo] password for f:
[ 0.209281] Spectre V2 : Enabling Restricted Speculation for firmware calls
[ 3.300430] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-46.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300529] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-45.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300623] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-44.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300738] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-43.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300745] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-42.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300753] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-41.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300759] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-40.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300767] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-39.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300768] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: no suitable firmware found!
[ 3.300770] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: check git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git
[ 3.352580] [drm] Finished loading DMC firmware i915/kbl_dmc_ver1_04.bin (v1.4)
f@f-Blade:~$

[main olive]

Alright, so looks like you're missing firmware for iwlwifi

[lethal bronze]

am i

how do i fix it

[main olive]

As root do cat /etc/apt/sources.list

[lethal bronze]

as root you mean sudo?

[main olive]

Either/Or

We're going to add non-free to the end of sections of your sources.list

[sage solar]

scott

[main olive]

@sage solar Nix

[sage solar]

you did read the last line saying that iwlwifi is publicly available at git and thus not non free

right?

[lethal bronze]

https://justpaste.it/4i8li

that was it says when i type cat...

[grave jolt]

doesnt 'non free' mean 'potentially IP encumbered' ?

[main olive]

@grave jolt Yeah, essentially

[grave jolt]

and thus it could be 'free' to download but not something they can put in their core repos

or at least, something they dont want to

[sage solar]

considering i got iwlwifi running on my fedora out of the box and theyre pretty damn strct when it comes to free software AND I have been having iwlwifi on unbuntu boxes out of the box on at least three machiens ill still doubt its non free

[main olive]

@lethal bronze That's completely unlike Debian, one sec.

[grave jolt]

iwlwifi is intel drivers so you would think theirs are all considered 'free'

[lethal bronze]

i have laptop

[grave jolt]

whats the model number of the wifi adapter itself?

[lethal bronze]

how do i know?

[grave jolt]

it'll either be in the detailed specs for the laptop or we would have to figure out how to read its 'descriptor' that it sent the OS when it powered up

lspci | grep -i intel might grab some info on it

[main olive]

dmesg | grep iwl should tell you that

[grave jolt]

yeah that also could

[lethal bronze]

f@f-Blade:~$ dmesg | grep iwl
[ 3.268719] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[ 3.300430] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-46.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300529] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-45.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300623] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-44.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300738] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-43.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300745] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-42.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300753] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-41.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300759] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-40.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300767] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-39.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300768] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: no suitable firmware found!
[ 3.300769] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: minimum version required: iwlwifi-cc-a0-39
[ 3.300769] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: maximum version supported: iwlwifi-cc-a0-46
[ 3.300770] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: check git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git
f@f-Blade:~$

[grave jolt]

what about the other one

[main olive]

Then yes, looks like linux-firmware is the package we need

[lethal bronze]

https://justpaste.it/61ixg

[main olive]

apt install linux-firmware

[lethal bronze]

f@f-Blade:~$ apt install linux-firmware
E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (13: Permission denied)
E: Unable to acquire the dpkg frontend lock (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend), are you root?
f@f-Blade:~$

[sage solar]

sudo

[main olive]

As root

[lethal bronze]

f@f-Blade:~$ sudo apt install linux-firmware
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
linux-firmware is already the newest version (1.178.2).
linux-firmware set to manually installed.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
f@f-Blade:~$

[grave jolt]

looks like it might be 'Intel Wi-Fi 6 AX200' then

[main olive]

It's already installed. But is it enabled? Probably not because of Direct firmware load ... failed with error -2

[lethal bronze]

how do i enable it?

[grave jolt]

looks like its not in mainline linux yet

[main olive]

Could try with sudo modprobe iwlwifi

[grave jolt]

however it IS available lets see how to get it

[lethal bronze]

nothing happens with modprobe iwlwifi

[sage solar]

that is at least not bad

[grave jolt]

i think you need https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/drivers/iwlwifi/core_release

but that means you are manually installing something without hte package manager

[main olive]

@grave jolt I don't think so, considering the system does see the device.

It's just not installing it

At least, I believe so.

[grave jolt]

it sees that its an intel device

[sage solar]

what does it say after the insmod?

[grave jolt]

but it also says it cant load the firmware

[sage solar]

in dmesg

[main olive]

Try dmesg | grep iwl again and see if anything new came up

@grave jolt We'll see if the modprobe did anything

[grave jolt]

notice that in lspci its identified as "02:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Device 2723 (rev 1a)"

aka an unknown intel network device

[lethal bronze]

make defconfig-iwlwifi-public
sed -i 's/CPTCFG_IWLMVM_VENDOR_CMDS=y/# CPTCFG_IWLMVM_VENDOR_CMDS is not set/' .config
make -j4

[grave jolt]

if you search for that intel device, you get the wifi adapter i mentioned. there are also other people who cant load its firmware

[lethal bronze]

how do i type this command

[main olive]

@lethal bronze Can you try dmesg | grep iwl as root again?

[sage solar]

dmesg needs root?

[main olive]

@grave jolt You're probably right, which would make me believe that this specific device can't be installed/loaded without a lot of work if this modprobe doesn't work

[lethal bronze]

i don't know how to install

[grave jolt]

if you look here https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000005511/network-and-i-o/wireless-networking.html?productId=189347&localeCode=us_en you can see the list of released firmware and what kernel it sin

[lethal bronze]

f@f-Blade:~$ sudo dmesg | grep iwl
[ 3.268719] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[ 3.300430] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-46.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300529] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-45.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300623] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-44.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300738] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-43.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300745] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-42.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300753] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-41.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300759] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-40.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300767] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-cc-a0-39.ucode failed with error -2
[ 3.300768] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: no suitable firmware found!
[ 3.300769] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: minimum version required: iwlwifi-cc-a0-39
[ 3.300769] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: maximum version supported: iwlwifi-cc-a0-46
[ 3.300770] iwlwifi 0000:02:00.0: check git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git
f@f-Blade:~$

[main olive]

@sage solar You're right, it doesn't

[lethal bronze]

which wifi do i have

[grave jolt]

looks like ubuntu does not have the 5.1 kernel yet

so he thus wouldnt have the driver

[lethal bronze]

it does i think i downloaded it

how do i check for kernel version?

[grave jolt]

uname -a i think

[lethal bronze]

f@f-Blade:~$ uname -a
Linux f-Blade 5.1.0-050100-generic #201905052130 SMP Mon May 6 01:32:59 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
f@f-Blade:~$

[grave jolt]

hm that is 5.1 then

[lethal bronze]

i don't know why it does not work

[grave jolt]

here is a question. a lot of laptops have a hardware toggle for wifi, is wifi enabled?

[main olive]

Good idea

[sage solar]

if it wasnt it wouldnt be detected on teh pcie bus

[grave jolt]

yeah i would assume not but its worth at least knowing

however since the lspci couldnt pull up detailed information i think that he is missing the driver/firmware still

in which case youll need to do everything in How to install the driver to install them

you might also need to install the package build-essentials

[sage solar]

so first of all we should figure out what device it is
then wether there is support
then how we can get the support

do we know what wifi it is?

[grave jolt]

yes

sec

intel model: 2723
according to the internet thats: Intel Wi-Fi 6 AX200

according to the page i linked, Intel Wi-Fi 6 AX200 is in 5.1 and Intel Wi-Fi 6 AX201 is in 5.2

he is running 5.1

[lethal bronze]

so i need to install driver

[sage solar]

so why could it not be ax201?

[grave jolt]

thats what i was assuming

its an ax201

that same site doesnt have the intel number for the device

so it could be ax201 which would explain why its not in the main driver set

[sage solar]

okay so I basically see two possibilities then

either we compile a 5.2 from source or we get some distro with a more up to date kernel, build a live usb from that and check wether it works with that kernel

[grave jolt]

you can also download the driver package from the intel page and compile it for other versions it looks like

[sage solar]

thats just boring :p

[grave jolt]

the release page i think is just what kernel mainlined the driver aka includes it by default

[main olive]

So outside of Arch what distro comes with 5.2?

[grave jolt]

https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000005511/network-and-i-o/wireless-networking.html?productId=189347&localeCode=us_en
also has a file he can download,
perhapse just put in /lib/firmware

[sage solar]

Shameless plug for fedora

[grave jolt]

thats worth a try

however idk if it will work on 5.1 without compiling the driver itself

[lethal bronze]

ok we cant fix it

[grave jolt]

so imo the safe option for the current distro is use the other page to download and compile the driver

[lament crest]

is the installation and built process for arch still all manual?

[grave jolt]

then if that doesnt work download that firmware file as well

for arch itself yes

if that still doesnt work, then youll need a newer kernel

arch's install is intentionally somewhat manual though

so i wouldnt expect that to change

newer kernel could mean finding a repo with it, compiling it yourself or just switching distros

[lament crest]

yeah, i know there's some distros that are based on arch that offer more... automated installation, for a lack of better words. but arch itself is fantastic. i'm just not sure if having him use arch would be a good idea considering yesterday he didn't know what ubuntu or linux was, and we were helping him understand what an ISO, livedisk, and stuch were.

[grave jolt]

if i was going to suggest a different one itd likely be like fedora or something. its as easy as ubuntu but updates more often

[lament crest]

yeah

[sage solar]

w@lethal bronze thats wrong, you can always fix it the question is how much effort and time you want to spend