3D-esque / pseudo-3D scrolling 2D backgrounds?

[oblique hazel]

I want to make a Touhou-like shmup game using Godot, but the first problem I encounter is that how on Earth should I make 3D-esque scrolling backgrounds, similar to those seen in many Touhou games (and fangames)?

I know if I want to make a "true" scrolling background with "depth" similar to what seen in many of such games, I have to learn 3D modelling, which is time-consuming and not fun (while yes, I can model 3D characters, but only to certain extents).

So I want to aim for "fake 3D" (or pseudo-3D) 2D backgrounds, similar to what seen inside gameplay videos like these: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e-emDyw3K4s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KbHVDCuouCo

I know we can use layered parallaxes for these, but how can I do certain types of such pseudo-3D scrolling backgrounds using parallaxes (like the endless runway-like background in the second video)?

You know, I am dead set on making backgrounds like those, because as far as I know, static 2D shmup backgrounds (like ones seen in this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZItVwgLZh6s) got negative reputation of making games that feature them look "unprofessional". I don't want that to happen to my game.

How can I actually achieve this, in the most straightforward and beginner-friendly way as possible?

Thanks in advance!

[astral monolith]

so the examples of fake-3D you showed pretty much just look like 2D that's warped to look like it's moving in 3D to me... in which case I'd have 2 ideas:

you could make a shader that does a 3D rotation on the background (basically calculating what would this look like if it were rotated). So the background is still just a 2D image, but the rotation gives a warping effect making it look just that bit more 3D...

or if you're fine with a bit less performance you could just render the background to a plane or sprite in a 3D scene, point a camera to that plane at an angle, render that camera's output to a texture and then put that texture as background in your 2D game.