The rest of us have been able to progress past this step, including players who joined after this one. They have all of the materials for the repair as well as that main quest line.
When I logged in before them, the broken ship was not in the world. When they logged into the world, it appeared.
But they don't have the option to repair it when interacting.
Any tips? It seems like a shared quest bug or broken save data for that char.