Pirates get more Pirate marks, the battlemarks is technical because they are black flag or decoy 100% of the time. However they also have a significantly higher upkeep due to constant pvp and being red to everyone. Regardless of everyone who has not been pirates perspectives pirate is the hardest group to play and just by going pirate your entire gameplay is in hardcore mode and nerfed in nearly every capacity with exception of a forced increase in loot when you actually survive making it back to port. /If the port itself doesn't sink you for being a pirate.
The issue being discussed in this is one that has been brought up that pirate and all the factions are not balanced in gameplay.
Flotilla ; is fine there is no real balancing issue needed with Flotilla other than they need to not be able to do anything in any port battles meaning if a port goes into port battle or even hostility timer The Flotillas need to either not be able to participate at all or be turned red by everything on the defensive side.
Military Factions ; Honestly I would argue they have it pretty easy. However there are some tweaks that should be made for example if you go military faction you are locked into that faction for the remainder of the season. There should be a Faction system to interact with Trade guild more directly instead of hidden comission deals make guild trade events military faction guilds convoy with a trade guild convoy and both sides get huge loot or something, similar to a open world moving port battle only its forced faction flags and anyone can roll in on them. Privateer system for letters of Marque for Pirate Factions make pirates more viable.
Pirates ; Need some means of earning letter of Marque or the ability to be friendly with minimum one faction or allied simply for asthetical use. However the downside to doing so would be the inability to own a port so this means pirate clans have a choice become privateer or go for RvR. I also think Pirates should have some sort of system to dissuade them from sinking other pirates with exception of privateers. So this induces Pirate Politics, True Pirates dont kill true pirates instead they beat them up and take a tax, small loot maybe 10% of their hold. However Privateers are not respected by true pirates they are just like any normal pirate. Privateers of opposing factions get bonuses for hunting privateers of the opposite side. Antilla gets a bonus for killing Espaniolla etc. For Port Battles Privateers are limited in Ship size as extra escort so I am not sure the exact ship count for port battles as I have only been in Hotility warzones. But if its 20 keep it 20 but each faction can have 4 Privateers escorts they would be smaller ships. meant to be fast harassing ships like 3rd rates their purpose is basically harass the mortars or the enemies back line. (however I would believe this would be abused by them using more mortars so probably not a good idea anyway unless there was a way to force them into specific ship types.)
**Trade Guild ** ; I will be honest. I am the wrong one for input here. My current opinion of the market and economy setting for the current setting of the game is at a low point.